Willow has been chosen for its acoustic characteristics and workability. Here are some of the main reasons:
Acoustics: Willow wood is renowned for its excellent acoustic properties. It possesses a good sound transmission capacity and a favorable sound response. These qualities are extremely important for the cello's back plates as they contribute to generating the desired tone and projection of the instrument.
Flexibility: Willow wood is flexible and can be easily shaped by luthiers to achieve the desired shape and thickness. Flexibility is crucial for sculpting the back plates so they resonate harmoniously with the other parts of the cello.
Lightweight: The back plates need to be light to allow the cello to vibrate freely and produce high-quality sound. Willow wood is lightweight but durable enough to withstand the stresses a cello undergoes during play.
Availability: Willow wood is readily available in many regions, making it easier for luthiers to source.
History and Tradition: The luthier tradition has used willow wood for centuries, and it has been proven to work well for building cellos and other bowed instruments. Luthiers often adhere to tradition to ensure the sound quality of the instruments they construct.
In summary, willow wood is a traditional and popular choice for making the back plates of cellos due to its exceptional acoustic qualities, workability, and durability, as well as its historical significance in lutherie. These qualities contribute to the creation of an instrument with a rich and full sound.